As we head into Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, it’s time to talk about the one cancer "success story" we can all get behind: prevention.
Colorectal cancer remains a major health challenge. For 2026, the American Cancer Society (ACS) estimates roughly 158,000 new cases and 55,000 deaths in the U.S. alone. While rates are dropping in older adults, diagnoses in people under 50 are on the rise — making it the leading cause of cancer death in men under 50 and second for women.
The silver lining? This is one of the few cancers that can be stopped before it even starts. By finding and removing precancerous polyps, screening doesn't just find cancer — it can prevent it.
When Should You Start?
Guidelines have shifted recently due to a rising trend among younger adults. Here is the current roadmap for those at average risk:
- Ages 45–75: This is the "screening window." If you are in this age bracket, regular screening is a must.
- Ages 76–85: Screening is an individual decision. Talk to your doctor about your health history and prior results.
- Ages 85+: Screening is generally no longer recommended.
Are You "Average Risk"?
Most people are, but you might need to start earlier than 45 if you have:
- A family history of colorectal cancer or certain polyps.
- A personal history of inflammatory bowel disease (Ulcerative Colitis or Crohn’s).
- A known hereditary syndrome (like Lynch syndrome or FAP).
- A history of radiation to the abdomen or pelvis.
Pro Tip: If a close relative was diagnosed, find out how old they were. Doctors often recommend starting screening 10 years earlier than the age at which your relative was diagnosed.
Your 2026 Screening Menu: Which Test is Best?
There is no "single best test" for everyone. The best test is the one you actually complete. Most options fall into these categories:
Screening Options at a Glance
| Stool-Based (FIT) | Every Year | At home; No prep; Non-invasive. | Must be done every single year. |
| Stool DNA (FIT-DNA) | Every 3 Years | Highly convenient; No prep. | Higher rate of "false positives" than colonoscopy. |
| Colonoscopy | Every 10 Years | Can find AND remove polyps in one visit. | Requires bowel prep and a day off for sedation. |
| CT Colonography | Every 5 Years | Non-invasive "virtual" scan. | Still requires bowel prep; can't remove polyps. |
The "Golden Rule" of Stool Tests
If you choose an at-home stool test (like FIT or Cologuard) and it comes back abnormal/positive, you must follow up with a colonoscopy. Without that second step, the screening isn't complete. In 2026, many insurance plans now cover this follow-up colonoscopy as part of the screening process, but always double-check your coverage.
Listen to Your Body: Symptoms to Watch For
Screening is for people who feel fine. If you are experiencing any of the following, don't wait for your next scheduled screening — call your doctor now:
- Changes in bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, or narrowing of the stool) lasting more than a few days.
- Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool (which may look dark or tarry).
- Abdominal cramping or persistent gas pain.
- Unexplained weight loss.
- Weakness or excessive fatigue (often a sign of anemia).
Your March Action Plan
- Check the Calendar: If you’re 45 or older and haven’t been screened, this is your sign.
- Gather the History: Ask your parents or siblings about their history with polyps or cancer.
- Choose Your Path: Ask your doctor: "Based on my history, am I a candidate for an at-home test, or should we go straight to a colonoscopy?"
- Follow Through: If you choose a yearly test, set a recurring calendar alert.
Bottom Line: Colorectal cancer is highly treatable and often preventable. When caught at a localized stage, the 5-year survival rate is 91%. Give yourself the gift of a clean bill of health this March.
This article is for general education and isn’t a substitute for personal medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional to determine the best screening plan for your specific health profile.